Electrochemical AFM combines SPM with electrochemical control to study surface structure, properties, and reactivity of the electrode surface at the solid/electrolyte interface. Studies may be conducted in situ, imaging surfaces in an electrochemical solution with or without potential control of an integrated potentiostat/galvanostat, or ex situ, imaging surfaces before and after the electrode is exposed to the electrolyte solution.
Because of the variety and complexity of electrochemical processes, no single procedure can accommodate all application needs. Therefore, this manual provides only general instructions and examples. Additional information is available from Bruker Applications and Technical Support teams.
The following sections discuss electrochemical applications for your SPM:
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